diff --git a/backend/app/Command/RouteSyncCommand.php b/backend/app/Command/RouteSyncCommand.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..adba0c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/Command/RouteSyncCommand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Command;
+
+use App\Model\Route;
+use Hyperf\Command\Annotation\Command;
+use Hyperf\Command\Command as HyperfCommand;
+use Hyperf\HttpServer\Router\DispatcherFactory;
+use Hyperf\HttpServer\Router\Handler;
+use Hyperf\HttpServer\Router\RouteCollector;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+
+#[Command]
+class RouteSyncCommand extends HyperfCommand
+{
+    public function __construct(protected ContainerInterface $container)
+    {
+        parent::__construct('route:sync');
+    }
+
+    public function configure(): void
+    {
+        parent::configure();
+        $this->setDescription('同步 Hyperf 注解路由到 routes 表');
+    }
+
+    public function handle(): void
+    {
+        $factory = $this->container->get(DispatcherFactory::class);
+        $router = $factory->getRouter('http');
+        $routes = $this->extractRoutes($router);
+
+        $synced = 0;
+        foreach ($routes as $route_info) {
+            Route::query()->updateOrCreate(
+                ['method' => $route_info['method'], 'path' => $route_info['path']],
+                ['name' => $route_info['name']]
+            );
+            $synced++;
+        }
+
+        $this->info("Synced {$synced} routes to database.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 从路由收集器中提取所有 API 路由
+     *
+     * @return array<int, array{method: string, path: string, name: string|null}>
+     */
+    protected function extractRoutes(RouteCollector $router): array
+    {
+        $routes = [];
+        [$staticRouters, $variableRouters] = $router->getData();
+
+        // 静态路由（无路径参数）
+        foreach ($staticRouters as $method => $items) {
+            foreach ($items as $handler) {
+                $this->collectRoute($routes, $method, $handler);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 动态路由（含路径参数如 {id}）
+        foreach ($variableRouters as $method => $items) {
+            foreach ($items as $item) {
+                if (is_array($item['routeMap'] ?? false)) {
+                    foreach ($item['routeMap'] as $routeMap) {
+                        $this->collectRoute($routes, $method, $routeMap[0]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $routes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 收集单条路由信息，仅同步 /api/ 前缀的路由
+     */
+    protected function collectRoute(array &$routes, string $method, Handler $handler): void
+    {
+        $path = $handler->route;
+
+        // 仅同步 API 路由
+        if (!str_starts_with($path, '/api/')) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 解析 action 名称
+        $name = null;
+        if (is_array($handler->callback)) {
+            $name = $handler->callback[0] . '::' . $handler->callback[1];
+        } elseif (is_string($handler->callback)) {
+            $name = $handler->callback;
+        }
+
+        $key = $method . '|' . $path;
+        if (!isset($routes[$key])) {
+            $routes[$key] = [
+                'method' => $method,
+                'path' => $path,
+                'name' => $name,
+            ];
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/backend/app/Model/RouteGroup.php b/backend/app/Model/RouteGroup.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..138a62b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/app/Model/RouteGroup.php
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Model;
+
+use Hyperf\Database\Model\Relations\BelongsToMany;
+use Hyperf\Database\Model\Relations\HasMany;
+use Hyperf\DbConnection\Model\Model;
+
+/**
+ * @property int $id
+ * @property string $name
+ * @property string $label
+ * @property string|null $description
+ * @property int $sort_order
+ * @property \Carbon\Carbon $created_at
+ */
+class RouteGroup extends Model
+{
+    protected ?string $table = 'route_groups';
+
+    public bool $timestamps = false;
+
+    protected array $fillable = [
+        'name',
+        'label',
+        'description',
+        'sort_order',
+    ];
+
+    protected array $casts = [
+        'id' => 'integer',
+        'sort_order' => 'integer',
+        'created_at' => 'datetime',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * 分组下的路由
+     */
+    public function routes(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(Route::class, 'group_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 拥有此分组的角色
+     */
+    public function roles(): BelongsToMany
+    {
+        return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class, 'role_route_groups', 'group_id', 'role_id');
+    }
+}