diff --git a/backend/migrations/2026_03_17_100000_create_api_request_logs_table.php b/backend/migrations/2026_03_17_100000_create_api_request_logs_table.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8686a3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/migrations/2026_03_17_100000_create_api_request_logs_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?php
+
+use Hyperf\Database\Schema\Schema;
+use Hyperf\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Hyperf\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('api_request_logs', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id()->comment('主键');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id')->nullable()->comment('请求用户 ID');
+            $table->string('method', 10)->comment('HTTP 方法');
+            $table->string('path', 500)->comment('请求路径');
+            $table->smallInteger('status_code')->comment('HTTP 状态码');
+            $table->string('ip', 45)->nullable()->comment('客户端 IP');
+            $table->string('user_agent', 500)->nullable()->comment('User-Agent');
+            $table->jsonb('request_body')->nullable()->comment('请求体（脱敏后）');
+            $table->integer('response_code')->nullable()->comment('业务响应码');
+            $table->integer('duration_ms')->comment('请求耗时（毫秒）');
+            $table->timestampTz('created_at')->useCurrent()->comment('创建时间');
+
+            $table->index('user_id');
+            $table->index('path');
+            $table->index('created_at');
+            $table->index('status_code');
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('api_request_logs');
+    }
+};